HIV/Hepatitis C Virus Co-infection among Adults Beginning Antiretroviral Therapy, Malawi
نویسندگان
چکیده
tant Shigella spp. Patients should avoid sex during symptomatic infections and wait for 2 negative stool cultures. Montreal public health officials investigated and counselled this patient as they do for every patient with Shigella infections. In Quebec, physicians and microbiology laboratories are notified of Shigella clusters and multidrug-resistant Shigella infections. To our knowledge, no other ciprofloxacin-resistant and azithromycin-nonsusceptible Shigella flexneri isolates have been documented in the province of Quebec. No PFGE matches to S. flexneri serotype 2a pulsovar 21 have been identified in Canada. Multidrug-resistant Shigella isolates, including those with both resistance to ciprofloxacin and nonsusceptibility to azithromycin, may be underestimated and incidence may be increasing (1,3–5).
منابع مشابه
Evaluation of clinical course and laboratory findings in HIV/HTLV-1 co-infection compare with HIV mono infection
Background: In the last 10 years, co-infection of human immunodeficiency virus/human T-cell leukemia virus-1 (HIV/HTLV-1) has emerged as a worldwide health problem. These viruses has the same route to infect human but different effects on CD4 positive T-cells. There was controversial results about the influence of co-infection HIV/HTLV-1 pathogenesis. This study compared clinical course and lab...
متن کاملAntiretroviral treatment change among HIV, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus co-infected patients in the Australian HIV Observational Database.
OBJECTIVES To assess the impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on rates of change of antiretroviral treatment among patients co-infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and/or hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the Australian HIV Observational Database (AHOD). METHODS Analysis was based on 805 of the 2218 patients recruited to the AHOD by March 2003, who had commenced HAART after 1 Janu...
متن کاملCurrent antiretroviral drugs for human immunodeficiency virus infection: review article
Currently, there are about 37 million people worldwide living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) /AIDS, with an estimated two million new cases per year globally. According to estimates from the World Health Organization (WHO), only 75% of the population with HIV know their status. Initially, HIV infection was associated with significantly increased rates of mortality and morbidity. Howeve...
متن کاملHepatitis C and HIV co-infection: a review.
Co-infection with hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus is common in certain populations. Among HCV (+) persons, 10 % are also HIV (+), and among HIV (+) persons, 25 % are also HCV (+). Many studies have shown that in intravenous drug users, co-infection prevalence can be as high as 90-95 %. There is increasing evidence supporting the concept that people infected with HIV have a mu...
متن کاملCauses of death among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adults in the era of potent antiretroviral therapy: emerging role of hepatitis and cancers, persistent role of AIDS.
BACKGROUND In the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) mortality has decreased substantially among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected people with access to HAART, but there are concerns regarding co-morbidities and adverse effects of HAART, which may impair vital prognosis. The Mortality 2000 study examined the causes of death in HIV-infected adults at a national level i...
متن کامل